Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cyo kugenzura muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi, imikorere isanzwe ya valve ni ingenzi cyane ku ituze n'umutekano wa sisitemu yose. Ibi bikurikira ni ingingo zirambuye zo kubungabunga valve buri munsi:

Igenzura ry'isura

1. Sukura ubuso bwa valve

Sukura buri gihe igice cyo hanze cya valve kugira ngo ukureho imyanda nk'umukungugu, amavuta, ingese, nibindi. Koresha igitambaro cyiza kandi cyoroshye cyangwa uburoso mu gusukura. Ku birahure bikomeye, ushobora gukoresha isabune ikwiye, ariko witondere kwirinda kwangirika kw'ibikoresho bya valve bitewe n'isabune. Urugero, ku birahure by'icyuma kidashonga, ushobora gukoresha isabune yoroheje ya alkaline;ku mavali afite ubuso bwasizwe irangi, hitamo isabune itangiza irangi.

Sukura izina ry'imvange kandi urebe neza ko amakuru y'izina ry'imvange asobanutse kandi asomeka neza. Izina ry'imvange rikubiyemo amakuru y'ingenzi nka model ya vali, ibisobanuro byayo, igipimo cy'umuvuduko, n'itariki yo gukora, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi cyane mu bikorwa nko kubungabunga, gusana no gusimbuza valinge.

2. Genzura uko icyuma gifata imvange kimeze

Suzuma witonze niba igice cy'icyuma gifunga, igifuniko cya valve, flange n'ibindi bice bya valve bifite imiyoboro, ububobere cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ibyangiritse. Imiyoboro ishobora gutuma habaho gusohoka kw'ibice, kandi ububobere bushobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe no ku mikorere yo gufunga valve. Ku mavali y'icyuma gishongeshejwe, hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane kugira ngo harebwe niba hari amazi aturuka mu bubobere nk'imyobo y'umucanga.

Reba ibice bihuza icyuma, urugero niba imigozi iri ku gice gihuza icyuma irekuye, iragwa cyangwa yarangiritse. Imigozi irekuye igira ingaruka ku mikorere yo gufunga icyuma kandi igomba gukazwa ku gihe; imigozi yangiritse ishobora gukenera gusimburwa kugira ngo urebe ko icyuma gihuza icyuma gikoreshwe neza. Muri icyo gihe, reba niba gaskets ziri ku gice gihuza icyuma nta kibazo zifite. Niba zangiritse cyangwa zishaje, zigomba gusimburwa ku gihe.

Reba niba ibice bikora kuri valve, nk'urukiramende rw'amaboko, umukingo cyangwa icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi, byarangiritse, byarangiritse cyangwa byaratakaye. Ibi bice ni ingenzi mu kugenzura uburyo valve ifunguka n'ifungwa ryayo. Iyo yangiritse, valve ishobora kudakora neza. Urugero, kwangirika kw'urukiramende rw'amaboko bishobora kubuza umukozi kugenzura neza uburyo valve ifunguka.

Igenzura ryo gufunga valve

1. Igenzura ry'imvura iva hanze

Ku gice cyo gufunga igice cy'umugozi w'imvange, reba niba hari amazi asohoka ari hagati. Urashobora gushyiramo amazi make yo kumenya aho amazi asohoka (nk'amazi y'isabune) hafi y'umugozi w'imvange kugira ngo urebe niba hari utubuto twakozwe. Niba hari utubuto, bivuze ko hari amazi asohoka mu mugozi w'imvange, kandi ni ngombwa kugenzura neza niba umugozi cyangwa umugozi byangiritse cyangwa byarashaje. Umugozi cyangwa umugozi bishobora gukenera gusimburwa kugira ngo ikibazo cyo kuvamo amazi gikemuke.

Reba niba hari amazi asohoka ku gice cy'urukiramende gihuza icyuma. Ushobora kandi gukoresha icyuma gipima amazi kugira ngo urebe niba hari utubumbe dusohoka ku nkengero z'urukiramende. Ku bice by'urukiramende bifite amazi asohoka make, ushobora gukenera kongera gufunga amaboliti cyangwa gusimbuza gasket kugira ngo ukosore amazi asohoka. Ku bice by'urukiramende bikomeye, ugomba kubanza gufunga valve zo hejuru n'izo hasi, ugakuramo icyuma mu muyoboro, hanyuma ukagisana.

2. Igenzura ry'imbere ry'amazi asohoka

Uburyo butandukanye bukoreshwa mu kugenzura amazi asohoka imbere bitewe n'ubwoko bwa valve n'uburyo ikora. Ku ma valve ahagarara n'ama valve yo ku irembo, amazi asohoka imbere ashobora gupimwa ufunga valve hanyuma ukareba niba hari amazi amanuka munsi ya valve. Urugero, mu buryo bw'amazi, ushobora kureba niba hari amazi asohoka cyangwa umuvuduko ugabanuka mu muyoboro wo munsi; muri sisitemu ya gaze, ushobora gukoresha igikoresho cyo kumenya gaze kugira ngo umenye niba hari amazi asohoka munsi ya valve.

Ku byerekeye valve z'umupira n'iz'ibinyugunyugu, ushobora gusuzuma mbere na mbere aho amazi aturuka ureba niba ikimenyetso cy'aho amazi aturuka ari cyo nyuma y'uko valve ifunze. Niba ikimenyetso cy'aho amazi aturuka kigaragaza ko valve ifunze burundu, ariko hakaba hakiri amazi aturuka hagati y'aho amazi aturuka, hashobora kubaho ikibazo cy'aho amazi apfundikiye hagati y'umupira cyangwa isahani y'ibinyugunyugu n'intebe y'ibinyugunyugu. Ni ngombwa kugenzura neza niba ubuso bwo gufunga bw'intebe y'ibinyugunyugu bwashaje, bwacitse cyangwa bufatanye n'imyanda, hanyuma ugasya cyangwa ugasimbuza intebe y'ibinyugunyugu nibiba ngombwa.

Igenzura ry'imikorere y'imvange

1. Igenzura ry'imikorere ya valve n'intoki

Koresha valve ikoreshwa n'intoki buri gihe kugira ngo urebe niba valve ishobora gufungura no gufunga. Mu gihe ufungura cyangwa ufunga valve, witondere niba imbaraga zikoreshwa zihwanye kandi niba hari ubudahangarwa buhari cyangwa budasanzwe. Iyo igikorwa kigoye, gishobora guterwa no gukururana gukabije hagati y'umugozi wa valve n'aho ipakira, ibintu by'amahanga byafashe mu mubiri wa valve, cyangwa kwangirika kw'ibice bya valve.

Genzura niba ikimenyetso cyo gufungura valve ari cyo cy’ukuri. Ku mavali afite ibimenyetso byo gufungura, nk'amavali agenzura, mu gihe ukoresha vali, reba niba isomo ry'ikimenyetso cyo gufungura rihuye n'icyuho nyacyo. Ikimenyetso cyo gufungura kitari cyo gishobora kugira ingaruka ku igenzura ry'amazi mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, kandi iki kimenyetso kigomba gupimwa cyangwa gusanwa.

Ku bijyanye n'udukingirizo tw'intoki dukoreshwa kenshi, witondere kwangirika kw'urukingo rw'intoki cyangwa umukingo. Ibice by'imikorere byangiritse cyane bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo umukoresha yumva ndetse bigatera no gukora nabi. Udukingirizo tw'intoki cyangwa imikingo byangiritse cyane bigomba gusimburwa ku gihe kugira ngo hamenyekane umutekano n'ubuziranenge bw'imikorere y'udukingirizo.

2. Igenzura ry'imikorere ya valve y'amashanyarazi

Genzura niba amashanyarazi akoreshwa muri valve y'amashanyarazi ari asanzwe kandi niba insinga zangiritse, zashaje cyangwa zirekuye. Menya neza ko uburyo bwo kohereza ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi ari asanzwe. Ushobora kugenzura niba valve ishobora gufungura, gufunga cyangwa guhindura neza urugero rw'ifungura ukurikije amabwiriza ukoresheje sisitemu yo kugenzura.

Reba imikorere ya valve y'amashanyarazi mu gihe cyo gukora, urugero niba umuvuduko wo gufungura no gufunga valve wujuje ibisabwa, kandi niba hari ukunyeganyega kudasanzwe cyangwa urusaku. Kunyeganyega kudasanzwe cyangwa urusaku bishobora guterwa no kwangirika kw'ibice by'imbere by'icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi, kwangirika kw'imiterere ya valve cyangwa gushyirwaho nabi. Hakenewe igenzura ryinshi no kubungabunga valve y'amashanyarazi, harimo no kugenzura imikorere y'ibice nka moteri, igabanya, n'aho ihurira.

Reba buri gihe kandi uhindure uburyo bwo gufunga amashanyarazi bukoreshwa mu gufunga amashanyarazi. Uburyo bwo gufunga amashanyarazi bukoreshwa mu gufunga amashanyarazi ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kugenzura aho amashanyarazi afunguka n'aho afunga. Iyo uburyo bwo gufunga amashanyarazi bunaniwe, bushobora gutuma amashanyarazi afunguka cyangwa agafunga cyane, bikangiza amashanyarazi cyangwa icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi. Mu kwigana uburyo amashanyarazi afunguka n'afunga amashanyarazi, reba niba uburyo bwo gufunga amashanyarazi bushobora guca amashanyarazi ya moteri neza kugira ngo amashanyarazi akore neza.

Gusiga amavuta no kuyabungabunga

1. Igenzura ry'aho amavuta ashyirwa

Menya aho ibyuma bivangwa bishyirwa mu cyuma, muri rusange harimo n'umugongo wa valve, amaberari, ibikoresho n'ibindi bice. Ku bwoko butandukanye bwa valve, aho ibyuma bivangwa bishyirwa mu cyuma n'umubare wabyo bishobora gutandukana. Urugero, aho ibyuma bivangwa by'ingenzi bishyirwa mu cyuma ni aho ibyuma bivangwa bishyirwa mu cyuma n'irembo n'inzira y'umuhanda; ibyuma bivangwa bigomba gushyira mu cyuma aho ibyuma bivangwa bishyirwa mu cyuma n'intebe ya valve n'umugongo wa valve.

Reba niba amavuta ahagije ku gice cyo gusiga. Niba amavuta adahagije, ashobora gutera ubwinshi bw'ibice, bigagira ingaruka ku mikorere n'igihe cy'akazi ka valve. Kuri zimwe muri valve zifite aho zishyira amavuta, ushobora kumenya niba amavuta ku gice cyo gusiga ahagije urebye aho zishyira amavuta cyangwa ukareba urwego rw'amavuta.

2. Hitamo amavuta akwiye yo kwisiga

Hitamo amavuta akwiye ukurikije aho icyuma gikorera n'ibikoresho by'igice. Mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe busanzwe n'umuvuduko, amavuta ashingiye kuri lithiamu ni amavuta akoreshwa cyane afite amavuta meza kandi adapfa kwangirika. Ku mavali ari mu bushyuhe bwinshi, amavuta ashingiye kuri polyurea cyangwa perfluoropolyether ashobora gutoranywa; mu bushyuhe buke, amavuta ya ester afite ubushyuhe buke arakenewe.
Ku bidukikije bikoresha imiti yangiza, nk'udupfunyika mu nganda zikora imiti, amavuta arwanya ingese agomba gutoranywa. Urugero, amavuta ya fluoro ashobora kurwanya ingese y'imiti nka aside ikomeye na alkali, agatanga amavuta meza kandi akarinda udupfunyika. Muri icyo gihe, amavuta ajyanye n'udupfunyika hamwe n'udupfunyika tw'udupfunyika n'ibindi bikoresho bigomba kwitabwaho kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika kw'ibice bitewe n'imiterere y'imiti ya amavuta.

3. Imikorere yo gusiga amavuta

Ku mavali akeneye amavuta, shyira amavuta ukurikije uburyo n'inzira nyayo. Ku mavali akoreshwa n'intoki, ushobora gukoresha imbunda y'amavuta cyangwa isafuriya kugira ngo ushyire amavuta mu ngingo z'amavuta. Mu gihe ushyira amavuta mu mavali, witondere kwirinda kuyashyiramo cyane kugira ngo wirinde ko amavuta yuzura kandi yanduza ibidukikije cyangwa ngo agire ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe ya vali. Ku mavali akoresha amashanyarazi, amwe mu mavali akoresha amashanyarazi afite uburyo bwayo bwo gusiga amavuta, busaba igenzura rihoraho no kuyasiga amavuta. Ku mavali akoresha amashanyarazi adafite uburyo bwayo bwo gusiga amavuta, ingingo z'amavuta zo hanze zigomba gushyirwamo amavuta n'intoki.

Nyuma yo gusiga amavuta, koresha valve inshuro nyinshi kugira ngo amavuta ashobore gukwirakwizwa neza ku buso bw'ibice kugira ngo amavuta akore neza. Muri icyo gihe, sukura amavuta arenze urugero mu gihe cyo gusiga amavuta kugira ngo ibidukikije bikikije valve bikomeze kuba bisukuye.

Igenzura ry'ibikoresho bya valve

1. Igenzura ry'imashini ziyungurura

Iyo icyuma gifunguye gishyizwe hejuru y'icyuma gifunguye, genzura buri gihe icyuma gifunguye kugira ngo urebe niba cyafunze. Kuziba kw'icyuma bigabanya amazi atembera kandi bikongera igitutu, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere isanzwe ya icyuma gifunguye. Ushobora kumenya niba cyafunze urebye itandukaniro ry'igitutu ku mpera zombi z'icyuma gifunguye. Iyo itandukaniro ry'igitutu rirenze urugero runaka, icyuma gifunguye kigomba gusukurwa cyangwa ikintu gifunguye kigomba gusimburwa.

Mu gusukura akayunguruzo, kurikiza uburyo bukwiye bwo gukora kugira ngo wirinde kwangiza ecran ya kayunguruzo cyangwa ibindi bice. Ku makayunguruzo amwe n'amwe, ushobora gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye byo gusukura n'ibikoresho byo gusukura. Nyuma yo gusukura, menya neza ko akayunguruzo kashyizweho neza kandi gafunze neza.

2. Igipimo cy'umuvuduko n'igenzura ry'ingufu z'umutekano

Genzura niba igipimo cy'umuvuduko kiri hafi ya valve gikora neza. Reba niba agace k'igipimo cy'umuvuduko gashobora kwerekana neza umuvuduko ndetse niba agace k'umuvuduko gasobanutse neza kandi gasomeka neza. Niba agace k'igipimo cy'umuvuduko gasimbutse, kadasubira kuri zeru, cyangwa kakagaragaza nabi, bishobora kuba ibice by'imbere by'igipimo cy'umuvuduko byangiritse cyangwa senseri y'umuvuduko ifite ikibazo, kandi igipimo cy'umuvuduko gikeneye gupimwa cyangwa gusimburwa.

Ku sisitemu zifite valve z'umutekano zishyirwaho, genzura niba valve y'umutekano imeze neza buri gihe. Reba niba igitutu cyo gufungura valve y'umutekano cyujuje ibisabwa kandi niba gishobora gufungurwa neza ku gitutu cyashyizweho kugira ngo gikuremo igitutu kirenze urugero. Imikorere ya valve y'umutekano ishobora kugenzurwa n'ibizamini by'intoki cyangwa ibikoresho by'inzobere mu gupima. Muri icyo gihe, genzura imikorere ya valve y'umutekano kugira ngo wirinde gusohoka mu gihe cy'igitutu gisanzwe.

Gutunganya ama-valve buri munsi bisaba ubwitonzi n'ubwihangane. Binyuze mu igenzura n'isukura buri gihe, ibibazo bishobora kubaho kuri ayo ma-valve bishobora kuboneka no gukemurwa ku gihe, bikongera igihe cyo gukora kw'ama-valve no kwemeza ko sisitemu yo gutanga amazi ikora neza kandi ihamye.