Valve yo gufasha mu mutekano, izwi kandi nka vali y'umutekano, ni igikoresho cyorohereza umuvuduko kigenda gitwarwa n'umuvuduko uringaniye. Gishobora gukoreshwa nk'ivali y'umutekano ndetse n'ivali y'ubutabazi bitewe n'uko gikoreshwa.

Dufashe urugero rw'Ubuyapani, hari ibisobanuro bike bisobanutse neza by'ama-valve y'umutekano n'ama-valve yo gufasha. Muri rusange, ibikoresho by'umutekano bikoreshwa mu byuma binini byo kubika ingufu nk'ama-boiler byitwa ama-valve y'umutekano, naho ibyashyizwe ku miyoboro cyangwa ibindi bikorwa byitwa ama-valve yo gufasha. Ariko, dukurikije ingingo za "Amahame Ngenderwaho y'Ubucuruzi Mpuzamahanga n'Inganda by'Ubuyapani" za Minisiteri y'Ubucuruzi Mpuzamahanga n'Inganda z'Ubuyapani, ibice by'ingenzi byo kugenzura umutekano w'ibikoresho bivuga ikoreshwa ry'ama-valve y'umutekano, nka ama-boiler, ama-superhétateur, ama-retrohétateur, nibindi. Mu bihe aho uruhande rwo hasi rwa valve igabanya umuvuduko rugomba guhuzwa na valve na turbine, valve yo gufasha cyangwa valve y'umutekano igomba gushyirwaho. Muri ubu buryo, valve y'umutekano isaba ubwizigirwa kuruta valve yo gufasha.

Byongeye kandi, dukurikije amategeko agenga imicungire y’umwuka ushyushye wa Minisiteri y’Umurimo y’u Buyapani, amategeko ya Minisiteri y’Ubwikorezi n’amashyirahamwe y’amato ku nzego zose, kumenya no kugenzura ingano y’amazi atekanye, tuyita valve yemeza ingano y’amazi atekanye, naho valve idahamya ingano y’amazi atekanye. Mu Bushinwa, yaba ifunguye cyangwa ifunguye gato, yose hamwe yitwa valve y’umutekano.

1. Incamake

Vali z'umutekano ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'umutekano ku byuma bishyushya, imiyoboro y'umuvuduko n'ibindi bikoresho by'umuvuduko. Kwizerwa kw'imikorere yabyo n'ubwiza bw'imikorere yabyo bifitanye isano itaziguye n'umutekano w'ibikoresho n'abakozi, kandi bifitanye isano rya hafi no kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije. Ariko, bamwe mu bakoresha n'amashami y'igishushanyo mbonera bahitamo ubwoko butari bwo iyo bahisemo. Kubera iyo mpamvu, iyi nkuru isesengura uburyo vali z'umutekano zitoranywa.

2. Ibisobanuro

Ibyiswe vali z'umutekano muri rusange birimo vali z'ubutabazi. Ukurikije amategeko agenga imicungire, vali zishyirwa ku byuma bitanga umwuka cyangwa ubwoko bw'imiyoboro y'umuvuduko bigomba kwemezwa n'ishami rishinzwe kugenzura tekiniki. Mu buryo buciriritse, zitwa vali z'umutekano, naho izindi muri rusange zitwa vali z'ubutabazi. Vali z'umutekano na vali z'ubutabazi birasa cyane mu miterere no mu mikorere. Zombi zisohora mu buryo bwikora igikoresho cy'imbere iyo umuvuduko wo gufungura urenze kugira ngo habeho umutekano w'ibikoresho bitanga umusaruro. Kubera uku gusana gukomeye, abantu bakunze kwitiranya ibyo byombi iyo babikoresha. Byongeye kandi, bimwe mu bikoresho bitanga umusaruro nabyo bivuga ko ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bushobora gutoranywa mu mategeko. Kubwibyo, itandukaniro riri hagati yabyo rikunze kwirengagizwa. Ingaruka ni uko havuka ibibazo byinshi. Niba dushaka gutanga ibisobanuro birambuye kuri ibyo byombi, dushobora kubyumva dukurikije ibisobanuro biri mu gice cya mbere cy'amategeko agenga ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel:

(1)Valve y'umutekano, igikoresho cyorohereza umuvuduko cyikora gitwarwa n'umuvuduko udahinduka w'icyuma kiri imbere ya valve. Kirangwa no gufungura byuzuye hamwe n'umwobo utunguranye. Kikoreshwa mu gukoresha gaze cyangwa umwuka w'umwuka.

(2)Valve yo gufasha, izwi kandi nka vali ishyuha cyane, ni igikoresho cyorohereza umuvuduko cyikora gitwarwa n'umuvuduko udahinduka w'icyuma kiri imbere ya vali. Gifungura hakurikijwe ukwiyongera k'umuvuduko urenze imbaraga zo gufungura. Gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukoresha amazi.