Valve yo guhagarika ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugenzura no guhagarika amazi atembera mu muyoboro. Itandukanye n'imvange nkavalve z'umupiran'ama-valve y'irembo kuko byagenewe kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amazi kandi ntibigarukira gusa kuri serivisi zo gufunga. Impamvu valve yo guhagarika yitwa gutyo ni uko igishushanyo mbonera cya kera kigaragaza umubiri runaka w'uruziga kandi gishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri, bitandukanyijwe na equator, aho urujya n'uruza ruhindura icyerekezo. Ibintu by'imbere by'intebe yo gufunga akenshi si uruziga (urugero, ama-valve y'umupira) ahubwo akenshi biba bifite ishusho y'umubumbe, iy'umubumbe, cyangwa iy'agapira. Ama-valve y'umubumbe abuza urujya n'uruza rw'amazi iyo afunguye kurusha ama-valve y'irembo cyangwa y'umupira, bigatuma umuvuduko mwinshi unyuramo. Ama-valve y'umubumbe afite imiterere itatu y'ingenzi y'umubiri, imwe muri yo ikoreshwa mu kugabanya umuvuduko unyura muri vali. Kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku yandi ma-valve, nyamuneka reba Inyoborabitekerezo yacu y'abaguzi ba vali.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imvange

Valve yo guhagarika igizwe n'ibice bitatu by'ingenzi: umubiri wa valve n'intebe, disc ya valve n'umugongo, gupakira na bonnet. Mu gihe ikora, zungurutsa inkingi y'umugozi unyuze mu gikoresho cy'intoki cyangwa icyuma gikoresha valve kugira ngo uzamure disc ya valve uhereye ku ntebe ya valve. Inzira y'amazi inyura muri valve ifite inzira isa na Z kugira ngo amazi ashobore kugera ku mutwe wa disc ya valve. Ibi bitandukanye na valve z'irembo aho amazi aba agororotse ku irembo. Iyi miterere rimwe na rimwe isobanurwa nk'umubiri wa valve isa na Z cyangwa valve isa na T. Inzira n'aho bisohokera bifatanye.

Izindi imiterere irimo inguni n'imiterere isa na Y. Muri valve ihagarika inguni, aho isohoka ni 90 ° uvuye aho yinjira, kandi amazi atembera mu nzira isa na L. Mu miterere y'umubiri wa valve isa na Y cyangwa Y, igiti cya valve cyinjira mu mubiri wa valve kuri 45 °, mu gihe aho yinjira n'aho asohoka biguma ku murongo, kimwe no mu buryo bw'inzira eshatu. Ubudahangarwa bw'imiterere y'inguni mu gutembera ni buto ugereranyije n'ubw'imiterere isa na T, kandi budahangarwa bw'imiterere isa na Y ni buto. Valve z'inzira eshatu ni zo zikunze kugaragara muri ubwo bwoko butatu.

Disiki yo gufunga ikunze kuba ifatanye n'intebe ya valve, ariko hari n'indi disiki irambuye ishobora gukoreshwa. Iyo valve ifunguye gato, amazi atembera neza hafi ya disc, ndetse n'uburyo intebe ya valve na disiki bikwirakwira. Bityo, valve ikora neza iyo amazi agabanutse. Muri rusange, icyerekezo cy'amazi kiba yerekeza ku ruhande rw'agace k ...

Disiki cyangwa plagi yo kuziba ikunze kuyoborwa ku ntebe ya valve inyuze mu kazu kugira ngo imenye neza ko ikora neza, cyane cyane mu bikorwa birimo umuvuduko mwinshi. Hari imiterere ikoresha intebe ya valve, kandi agafunga ku ruhande rw'inkoni ya valve kayihambira ku ntebe ya valve kugira ngo irekure umuvuduko ku gipfunyika iyo valve ifunguye neza.

Dukurikije imiterere y'ikintu cyo gufunga, valve yo guhagarika ishobora gufungurwa vuba hakoreshejwe uburyo bwinshi bwo gufunga kugira ngo itangire vuba inzira (cyangwa igafungwa kugira ngo itangire gutemba), cyangwa igafungurwa buhoro buhoro hakoreshejwe uburyo bwinshi bwo gufunga kugira ngo itangire neza inzira inyura muri valve. Nubwo hari igihe plugs zikoreshwa nk'ibintu byo gufunga, ntizigomba kwitiranywa na plugs, ari zo mashini zizunguruka kimwe cya kane, nk'imashini zizunguruka, zikoresha plugs aho gukoresha umupira kugira ngo zihagarike kandi zitangire gutemba.

ubusabe

Vali zo guhagarikazikoreshwa mu kuzimya no kugenzura inganda zitunganya amazi yanduye, inganda zitanga amashanyarazi n'inganda zitunganya amazi. Zikoreshwa mu miyoboro y'umwuka, mu miyoboro ikora amazi, mu buryo bwo gusiga amavuta, n'ibindi, aho kugenzura ingano y'amazi anyura mu mashini bigira uruhare runini.

Uburyo bwo guhitamo ibikoresho by'umubiri w'imvange y'isi busanzwe ni icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma cyangwa umuringa / umuringa mu buryo buri hasi, hamwe n'icyuma cya karuboni cyangwa icyuma kitagira umuvuduko mwinshi mu buryo buri hejuru n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibikoresho byagenwe by'umubiri w'imvange ubusanzwe biba birimo ibice byose by'umuvuduko, kandi "trim" yerekeza ku bindi bice bitari umubiri w'imvange, harimo n'intebe y'imvange, disiki n'igiti. Ingano nini igenwa n'ubwoko bw'umuvuduko wa ASME, kandi bolts zisanzwe cyangwa flanges zo gusudira zirategetswe. Gupima ingano y'imvange y'isi bisaba imbaraga nyinshi kuruta gupima ubundi bwoko bw'imvange kuko kugabanuka k'umuvuduko kuri imvange bishobora guteza ikibazo.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'igiti gikura ni cyo gikunze kugaragara cyane murivalve zo guhagarara, ariko hari n'udupfundikizo tudatemba. Agapfundikizo gakunze gushyirwaho umugozi kandi gashobora gukurwaho byoroshye mu gihe cy'igenzura ry'imbere ry'agapfundikizo. Intebe y'agapfundikizo n'idiski biroroshye gusimbuza.

Valve zo guhagarika ubusanzwe zikora hifashishijwe piston y'umwuka cyangwa diaphragm actuators, zikora neza ku gice cy'inyuma cy'uruvange kugira ngo zimure disiki mu mwanya wayo. Piston / diaphragm ishobora gupfundikirwa cyangwa igafungwa iyo umwuka ubuze. Hakoreshwa kandi icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi.