Impuguke mu by'ubutegetsi zemeranya kouburyo bwo kuhira bukoresheje ubwengePorogaramu na porogaramu zigenzura amazi bishobora kuzigama umutungo kamere w'amazi mu bihe bitandukanye ugereranije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe bigenzura amazi mu kuhira. Ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwagaragaje ko kuzigama amazi bishobora kugera kuri 30% kugeza kuri 50%. Ikizamini cyakozwe n'Ikigo cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Kuhira (IA, Ikigo Mpuzamahanga cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Mazi cya Kaminuza ya Rice, muri Kaliforuniya, muri Amerika) kigaragaza ko ibikoresho bigenzura amazi mu kuhira bishobora kuzigama amazi arenga 20% ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe bigenzura amazi mu kuhira.

Ubundi bushakashatsi bwa siyansi bwagerageje porogaramu y’ikoranabuhanga rigenzura ibimenyetso/iy’amakuru.sisitemuPorogaramu igizwe n'igikoresho gisanzwe cyo kugenzura kuhira. Icyo gikoresho cyemewe nyuma yo guhindura. Kuzigama amazi yo hanze bishingiye ku bisabwa mbere y'imyaka 2. Bipimwe kandi bigahindurwa hakurikijwe imiterere y'ikirere. Impuzandengo y'amafaranga yo hanze yatangajwe ni 16%, bivugwa ko angana na 85% by'amafaranga ashobora kuzigama hashingiwe ku gipimo cya ET.

Ingaruka z'umugenzuzi w'ubuhinzi mu kuhira mu buryo bw'ubwenge mu kuzigama amazi

Twakoze ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi mu kuhira amazi mu buryo bworohereza amazi ku bafatanyabikorwa mu kuhira amazi, bukaba ari ihuriro ry’ibikoresho 24 bitanga amashanyarazi. Kuzigama amazi bibarwa hashingiwe ku gihe cyakoreshejwe mu mateka, kandi hakozwe impinduka ku miterere y’ikirere. Nk’uko raporo zibivuga, ku mbuga zikoresha ibikoresho bigenzura imiterere y’amazi, buri hantu hakoresha ibikoresho bigenzura imiterere y’amazi mu mvura hazigama toni 20.73 ku mwaka, kandi buri hantu hazigama toni 100 ku mwaka.

Mu bijyanye no kuhira mu buryo bwuzuye, uburyo bwo kugenzura imiyoboro y’amazi bwikora buzigama amazi kandi buzigama amafaranga kurusha uburyo gakondo bwo kuhira. Buzigama umutungo n’ikiguzi byinshi ku rwego runaka. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kugura ibikoresho byo kuhira bizigama amazi mu buhinzi no mu bworozi. Umusaruro urakomeye kandi ufite ireme!

Guhinga imboga mu mazu atunganya imirasire y'izuba ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwongerera inyungu abahinzi b'imboga, ku giciro gito kandi bufite ingaruka nziza. Muri icyo gihe, ni uburyo bwo guteza imbere imboga zidafite umwanda. Bitewe no guhinga mu buryo bw'ubwenge mu mwaka, indwara ya nematode y'imizi, kubora kw'imizi, kumera kwa fusarium n'izindi ndwara mu mazu atunganya imirasire y'izuba ndetse no gusya ubutaka birakomeye cyane, bigira ingaruka ku kwiyongera k'umusaruro w'imboga n'amafaranga yinjira. Guteza imbere ubuhinzi butagira ubutaka, ikoranabuhanga ryo kurwanya indwara n'udukoko byageze ku ngaruka ku bukungu, imibereho myiza n'ibidukikije.

1. Guhumeka mu gisenge: Uruganda rw'imboga rukoresha imirasire y'izuba rwarakoreshejwe, kandi uburyo bwo gukoresha idirishya rimeze nk'iry'igisenge rikozwe mu idirishya rizunguruka burakoreshwa.

2. Guhumeka ku ruhande: Shyiramo amadirishya ya pulasitiki ya 60mm akozwe muri pulasitiki ku mpande z'iburasirazuba n'iburengerazuba bw'uruganda rw'imboga rwa Sunlight ku burebure bwa metero 0.6 uvuye hasi, uburebure bw'idirishya ni metero 1.2;

3. Imiterere y'Uruganda rw'imboga rwa Sunlight; Ibiranga ibikoresho bishyushya n'ibikonjesha ni itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe, urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga ry'ubuhinzi n'ubwinshi bwa dioxyde de carbone hagati y'ahantu hatandukanye h'ibikomoka ku bimera bya Sunlight, n'ubushyuhe bw'umwuka mu gace gahingwamo ibihingwa, kugira ngo habeho ubushuhe kandi ubwinshi bwa dioxyde de carbone bukwirakwizwe ku buryo bungana, kandi umufana ashobora no gukoreshwa mu gutemba umwuka mu buryo bw'ubukorano.

4. Inzitiramibu zirwanya udukoko: Shyiramo inzitiramibu zirwanya udukoko zifite ubugari bwa metero 1.8 kuva ku jisho rya 20 kugeza ku rya 32 mu bice byose bifunguye kugira ngo hirindwe kandi havurwe udukoko. Indwara zandura n'ubuhinzi bw'insinga zirinda udukoko ni ikoranabuhanga rishya kandi rifatika mu buhinzi rirengera ibidukikije, rikongera umusaruro kandi rikubaka inzitizi zo kwitandukanya ku dusanduku. Hanze y'insinga zirukana udukoko, zigabanya inzira yo kororoka kw'udukoko (abantu bakuru), kandi udukoko dutandukanye, urugero, ni ingirakamaro. Kurwanya inzitiramibu, imboga, isazi z'umweru, n'udusimba. Ifite ibyago byo gukumira kwandura udukoko dusimbuka, beet armyworm, Liriomyza sativae, na Spodoptera litura, ndetse no kwandura indwara za virusi, kandi ifite inshingano zo kwanduzanya urumuri, igicucu kiringaniye, no guhumeka neza. Ifite imiterere myiza yo gukura neza kw'ibihingwa. Igabanya ikoreshwa ry'imiti yica udukoko mu mirima y'imboga, kandi itanga ikoranabuhanga rikomeye mu gukora ibikomoka ku buhinzi bw'icyatsi kibisi bidafite umwanda kugira ngo hakorwe ibihingwa byiza, bifite isuku kandi bitanga umusaruro.

Hamwe n’iterambere ry’amakuru n’iterambere ry’ubuhinzi, ikoranabuhanga rya interineti y’ibintu ryinjijwe mu nganda z’ubuhinzi. Ibikoresho bya interineti y’ibintu bigira uruhare mu buryo bwikora bwo kugenzura hakoreshejwe ibikoresho n’ibikoresho bitandukanye, kandi bitanga ishingiro rya siyansi ryo kugenzura igipimo cy’umuvuduko + valve y’umupira + copy.png ku ngaruka z’ubushyuhe. Hashingiwe kuri ibi, havutse inzu y’ubwenge. “Ubwenge” bw’ubushyuhe bwa pulasitiki buri he? 1. Sisitemu y’umuyoboro wa interineti y’ibintu, ibikoresho byo kugenzura byikora, sisitemu yo kuhira ya Zhejiang ifite imikorere myinshi yo gukusanya, sensor y’ubushyuhe, sensor y’ubushuhe,kuhira mu buryo bw'ubwengeSensor y'agaciro ka PH, na sensor y'urumuri ishyirwa ku gisenge cy'ubwenge gikoresha ubwenge. Ibi bikoresho birimo ibikoresho nka sensors ya carbon dioxide bishobora kumenya ibipimo ngenderwaho nk'ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, pH, ubukana bw'urumuri, intungamubiri zo mu butaka, ubwinshi bwa carbon dioxide, nibindi mu bidukikije, kandi bifite ibidukikije byiza byo guhingamo imyaka.

Hakoreshejwe sisitemu ya interineti y'ibintu, abahinzi bashobora kubona ibibazo vuba, kandi bagashobora kumenya neza aho ikibazo kiri, no kumenya uburyo bwo gucunga neza umusaruro w'ubuhinzi. Ikigo cy'ubuhinzi gikoresha ingufu nke gifite ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi nka shutters z'amashanyarazi, amafeni, sisitemu zo kuhira n'iz'amashanyarazi, kandi kigakora akazi ko kugenzura kure. Abakora bashobora kwinjira muri sisitemu bakoresheje telefoni igendanwa cyangwa mudasobwa, kandi bashobora kugenzura valve y'amazi iri mu gikoni, fan y'umuti wo kuhira, na switch y'amadirishya; bashobora kandi gushyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura, kandi sisitemu ishobora gufungura cyangwa gufunga umwenda, valve y'amazi, blower, nibindi hakurikijwe imiterere y'imbere n'inyuma ya moteri y'icyumba. 3. Ikibazo cy'ubwenge Nyuma y'uko abahinzi binjiye muri sisitemu akoresheje telefoni igendanwa cyangwa mudasobwa, ashobora kubaza ibipimo byose by'ibidukikije, imiterere y'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe, hamwe n'inyandiko z'imikorere y'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi mu gikoni mu gihe nyacyo. Imikorere y'amafoto y'amateka ishobora kugenzurwa mu gihe nyacyo. Imipaka n'umupaka, ubwoko bw'ibihingwa, uruziga rw'imikurire, no kubihindura kugira ngo bishyireho agaciro k'imiterere hakurikijwe impinduka z'ibihe. Iyo amakuru runaka arenze agaciro ntarengwa, sisitemu ya interineti y'ibintu yohereza ubutumwa bw'umuburo ako kanya ku muhinzi ujyanye nayo, kandi ishobora gukurikirana no gukurikirana ingamba zimenyesha umuhinzi ku gihe. Nyuma y'uko ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kugenzura n'uburyo bwo kugenzura amakuru yose, iba isoko yoroshye yo gukurikirana umusaruro w'ubuhinzi. Inzu zigezweho zishobora gukora akazi ko kwandika imikorere y'ibikomoka ku buhinzi, harimo n'ibikomoka ku buhinzi byose kuva igihe cyo gutera imbuto kugeza igihe cyo gusarura.