Taboo 1

Umuyoboro washyizweho nabi.

Kurugero, amazi (icyuka) icyerekezo cyerekezo cyo guhagarara cyangwa kugenzura valve bihabanye nikimenyetso, kandi uruti rwa valve rwashyizwe hepfo. Igenzura ryashyizwe kuri horizontal igenzurwa ihagaritse. Ikiganza cyizamuka ryurugi rwimbere cyangwa ikinyugunyugu ntigifungura umwanya wo gufunga. Uruti rwa valve rwihishe rwashyizweho. Ntabwo yerekeje kumuryango wubugenzuzi.

Ingaruka: Umuyoboro urananirwa, guhinduranya biragoye gusana, kandi igiti cya valve cyerekeza hepfo, akenshi gitera amazi.

Ingamba: Shyiramo neza ukurikije amabwiriza yo kwishyiriraho valve. Kurikuzamuka-uruti rw'irembo, usige valve ihagije kwaguka gufungura uburebure. Kuriikinyugunyugu, suzuma neza ikibanza kizunguruka. Ibiti bitandukanye bya valve ntibishobora kuba munsi yumwanya utambitse, kereka hepfo. Imyanda ihishe ntigomba kuba ifite gusa urugi rwubugenzuzi rwujuje ibyangombwa byo gufungura no gufunga, ariko kandi uruti rwa valve rugomba kuba rwerekeje kumuryango wubugenzuzi.

Taboo 2

Ibisobanuro hamwe na moderi za valve zashyizweho ntabwo zujuje ibyashizweho.

Kurugero, igitutu cyizina cya valve kiri munsi yikigereranyo cya sisitemu; amarembo y amarembo akoreshwa mugihe umuyoboro wa diameter yumuyoboro wamazi utanga amazi ari munsi ya 50mm; guhagarika valve ikoreshwa mumiyoboro yumye kandi ihagaze yo gushyushya amazi ashyushye; ibinyugunyugu bikoreshwa mumazi yo kuvoma pompe yumuriro.

Ingaruka: Kugira ingaruka zifungura no gufunga valve no kugenzura kurwanya, igitutu nindi mirimo. Birashobora no gutuma valve yangirika kandi igomba gusanwa mugihe sisitemu ikora.

Ibipimo: Menya neza urwego rusaba rwubwoko butandukanye, hanyuma uhitemo ibisobanuro bya valve hamwe nicyitegererezo ukurikije ibisabwa. Umuvuduko wizina wa valve ugomba kuba wujuje sisitemu yikizamini gisabwa. Ukurikije ibisabwa mubisobanuro byubwubatsi: mugihe diameter yumuyoboro wamashami utanga amazi ari munsi cyangwa ingana na 50mm, hagomba gukoreshwa valve ihagarara; iyo diameter ya pipe irenze 50mm, hagomba gukoreshwa valve yumuryango. Irembo ry'irembo rigomba gukoreshwa mu gushyushya amazi ashyushye yumye kandi ihagaritse kugenzura, kandi ikinyugunyugu ntigomba gukoreshwa mu miyoboro yo kuvoma amazi ya pompe.

Taboo 3

Kunanirwa gukora ubugenzuzi bukenewe nkuko bisabwa mbere yo gushiraho valve.

Ingaruka: Mugihe cyimikorere ya sisitemu, guhinduranya valve ntigishobora guhinduka, gufungwa cyane kandi amazi (amavuta) yamenetse bibaho, bigatera gukora no gusana, ndetse bikagira ingaruka kumazi asanzwe (parike).

Ingamba: Mbere yo gushiraho valve, imbaraga zumuvuduko nigeragezwa ryikomeye bigomba gukorwa. Ikizamini kigomba kugenzura 10% ya buri cyiciro (ikirango kimwe, ibisobanuro bimwe, icyitegererezo kimwe), kandi bitari munsi yimwe. Kubifunga-byumuzunguruko washyizwe kumuyoboro wingenzi hamwe numurimo wo guca, imbaraga nigeragezwa bigomba gukorwa umwe umwe. Imbaraga za valve hamwe nigitutu cyikizamini kigomba kubahiriza “Kode yubuziranenge yubakwa ryubwubatsi bwogutanga amazi, imiyoboro n’amazi ashyushye” (GB 50242-2002).

Taboo 4

Ibikoresho nyamukuru, ibikoresho nibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mubwubatsi ntibifite inyandiko zipima ubuziranenge bwa tekiniki cyangwa ibyemezo byibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu cyangwa minisitiri.

Ingaruka: Ubwiza bwumushinga ntibujuje ibyangombwa, hariho ingaruka zihishe zimpanuka, ntishobora gutangwa mugihe, kandi igomba kongera gukorwa no gusanwa; bivamo gutinda mugihe cyubwubatsi no kongera ishoramari mumirimo nibikoresho.

Ingamba: Ibikoresho nyamukuru, ibikoresho nibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mugutanga amazi, kuvoma no gushyushya no gukora isuku bigomba kuba bifite inyandiko zipima ubuziranenge bwa tekiniki cyangwa ibyemezo byibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge butangwa na leta cyangwa minisiteri; amazina y'ibicuruzwa byabo, icyitegererezo, ibisobanuro, hamwe nubuziranenge bwigihugu bigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso. Inomero ya kode, itariki yakorewe, izina ryuwabikoze n’aho biherereye, icyemezo cyo kugenzura ibicuruzwa mu ruganda cyangwa nimero ya kode.

Taboo 5

Valve flip-up

Ingaruka:Reba valve, trottle valve, igitutu kigabanya valve, reba valvenibindi byuma byose ni icyerekezo. Niba ushyizwe hejuru, valve ya trottle izagira ingaruka kumikoreshereze nubuzima; igitutu kigabanya valve ntizikora na gato, kandi cheque ya valve ntizikora na gato. Birashobora no guteza akaga.

Ibipimo: Mubisanzwe, indangagaciro zifite ibimenyetso byerekezo kumubiri wa valve; niba atari byo, bagomba kumenyekana neza bashingiye kumahame yakazi ya valve. Umuyoboro wa valve wihagarikwa ntushobora kuva ibumoso ugana iburyo, kandi amazi agomba kunyura ku cyambu cya valve kuva hasi kugera hejuru. Muri ubu buryo, kurwanya amazi ni bito (bigenwa nuburyo), kandi ni ugukiza umurimo gufungura (kuko umuvuduko wo hagati uri hejuru). Nyuma yo gufunga, uburyo ntibukanda gupakira, byoroshye kubungabunga. . Iyi niyo mpamvu guhagarika valve idashobora gushyirwaho muburyo butandukanye. Ntugashyireho irembo ryirembo hejuru (ni ukuvuga, hamwe nuruziga rwamaboko rwerekeje hepfo), bitabaye ibyo urwego ruzaguma mumwanya wo gupfundikanya umwanya muremure, bizoroha byoroshye igiti cya valve, kandi kikaba kibujijwe nibisabwa mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe. . Ntibyoroshye cyane gusimbuza ipaki icyarimwe. Ntugashyireho amarembo azamuka hejuru yumuryango, bitabaye ibyo uruti rugaragara ruzangirika nubushuhe. Mugihe ushyizeho lift igenzura valve, menya neza ko disiki ya valve ihagaritse kuburyo ishobora kuzamura byoroshye. Mugihe ushyiraho swing check valve, menya neza ko pin yayo iringaniye kugirango ibashe guhindagurika. Umuvuduko ugabanya umuvuduko ugomba gushyirwaho neza kumuyoboro utambitse kandi ntugomba kugororwa muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.

Taboo 6

Intoki y'intoki irakingura kandi ifunga n'imbaraga zikabije

Ingaruka: Umuyoboro urashobora kwangirika byibuze, cyangwa impanuka yumutekano irashobora kubaho nabi.

Ingero: Intoki yintoki, intoki cyangwa ikiganza cyayo, yateguwe ukurikije abakozi basanzwe, urebye imbaraga zubuso bwa kashe nimbaraga zikenewe zo gufunga. Kubwibyo, imiyoboro miremire cyangwa imirongo miremire ntishobora gukoreshwa kugirango yimure ikibaho. Abantu bamwe bamenyereye gukoresha imashini, bityo rero bagomba kwitonda kugirango badakoresha imbaraga nyinshi, bitabaye ibyo biroroshye kwangiza hejuru yikidodo cyangwa kumena uruziga rwamaboko cyangwa ikiganza. Gufungura no gufunga valve, imbaraga zigomba kuba zihamye kandi nta ngaruka. Bimwe mubice bigize umuvuduko ukabije wibintu bifungura gufungura no gufunga batekereje ko izo mbaraga zidashobora kunganya nizisanzwe. Kubyuka byamazi, bigomba gushyukwa kandi amazi akonje agomba gukurwaho mbere yo gufungura. Iyo ifunguye, bigomba gukingurwa buhoro bushoboka kugirango birinde inyundo y'amazi. Iyo valve ifunguye neza, intoki zigomba guhindurwa gato kugirango imigozi ifatanye kugirango wirinde kwangirika no kwangirika. Kugirango uzamuke hejuru yibiti, wibuke imyanya yibiti iyo ifunguye neza kandi ifunze byuzuye kugirango wirinde gukubita hejuru yapfuye iyo ifunguye neza. Kandi biroroshye kugenzura niba ari ibisanzwe iyo bifunze byuzuye. Niba igiti cya valve kiguye, cyangwa imyanda nini yashyizwe hagati yikimenyetso cya kashe ya kashe, umwanya wikibaho uzahinduka mugihe ufunze byuzuye. Iyo umuyoboro ukoreshejwe bwa mbere, imbere hari umwanda mwinshi. Urashobora gukingura valve gato, ukoreshe umuvuduko mwinshi wikigereranyo kugirango ukarabe, hanyuma ukayifunga witonze (ntugafunge vuba cyangwa ngo uyikubite kugirango wirinde umwanda usigara utera hejuru yikimenyetso). Ongera ufungure, subiramo ibi inshuro nyinshi, oza umwanda, hanyuma usubire kumurimo usanzwe. Mubisanzwe bifungura indangagaciro, hashobora kuba umwanda wafashwe hejuru yikimenyetso. Mugihe cyo gufunga, koresha uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru kugirango usukure neza, hanyuma ubifunge kumugaragaro. Niba intoki cyangwa intoki byangiritse cyangwa byatakaye, bigomba gusimburwa ako kanya. Ntugakoreshe umugozi wa swing kugirango uyisimbuze, kugirango wirinde kwangirika kumpande enye zuruti rwa valve, kunanirwa gufungura no gufunga neza, ndetse nimpanuka mubikorwa. Ibitangazamakuru bimwe bizakonja nyuma ya valve ifunze, bigatuma ibice bya valve bigabanuka. Umukoresha agomba kongera kuyifunga mugihe gikwiye kugirango adasiga ibice hejuru yikimenyetso. Bitabaye ibyo, uburyo buzanyura mu bice ku muvuduko mwinshi kandi byoroshye kwangirika hejuru. . Mugihe cyo gukora, niba ubona ko ibikorwa bikomeye, ugomba gusesengura impamvu. Niba gupakira ari binini cyane, fungura neza. Niba igiti cya valve kigoramye, menyesha abakozi kugisana. Iyo indangagaciro zimwe ziri muburyo bufunze, ibice byo gufunga birashyuha kandi bikaguka, bikagorana gufungura; niba igomba gufungurwa muriki gihe, fungura umugozi utwikiriye igice cya kabiri kugirango uhindure imihangayiko kuruti rwa valve, hanyuma uhindure uruziga rwamaboko.

Taboo 7

Kwishyiriraho nabi kwimyanya yubushyuhe bwo hejuru

Ingaruka: gutera impanuka ziva

Ingero: Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hejuru ya 200 ° C buri ku bushyuhe busanzwe iyo bwashyizweho, ariko nyuma yo gukoreshwa bisanzwe, ubushyuhe burazamuka, ibihu byiyongera kubera ubushyuhe, kandi icyuho cyiyongera, bityo bigomba kongera gukomera, byitwa "ubushyuhe gukomera ”. Abakoresha bagomba kwitondera iki gikorwa, bitabaye ibyo kumeneka bishobora kubaho byoroshye.

Taboo 8

Kunanirwa kuvoma amazi mugihe cyubukonje

Ingero: Iyo ikirere gikonje kandi valve y'amazi ifunze igihe kirekire, amazi yegeranijwe inyuma ya valve agomba kuvaho. Umuyoboro wamazi uhagaritse umwuka, amazi yegeranye nayo agomba gukurwaho. Hano hari icyuma kiri hepfo ya valve, gishobora gukingurwa kugirango amazi atwarwe.

Taboo 9

Umuyoboro utari ibyuma, gufungura no gufunga imbaraga nini cyane

Ingero: Bimwe mubyuma bitari ibyuma birakomeye kandi byoroshye, kandi bimwe bifite imbaraga nke. Iyo ikora, imbaraga zo gufungura no gufunga ntizigomba kuba nini cyane, cyane cyane ntabwo zifite imbaraga. Witondere kandi kwirinda kugongana nibintu.

Taboo 10

Gupakira valve nshya birakomeye

Ingamba: Mugihe ukoresheje valve nshya, ntukande cyane kubipakira kugirango wirinde kumeneka, kugirango wirinde umuvuduko ukabije kuruti rwa valve, kwambara byihuse, ningorane zo gufungura no gufunga. Ubwiza bwo kwishyiriraho valve bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku mikoreshereze yabwo, bityo rero hagomba kwitonderwa neza icyerekezo n'umwanya wa valve, ibikorwa byo kubaka valve, ibikoresho byo kurinda valve, ibikoresho byifashishwa, hamwe no gusimbuza paki.