Ugereranyije navalve y'irembo, igishushanyo cy'imvange y'isi n'iy'igenzura, amateka y'imvange y'umupira ni magufi cyane. Nubwo patenti ya mbere y'imvange y'umupira yatanzwe mu 1871, bizatwara imyaka 85 kugira ngo imvange y'umupira igire icyo igeraho mu bucuruzi. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, cyangwa "Teflon") yavumbuwe mu gihe cyo gushushanya igisasu cya atome mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, kizaba imbarutso yo gutangiza inganda z'imvange y'umupira. Imvange y'umupira iboneka mu bikoresho byose kuva ku muringa kugeza ku byuma bya karuboni n'ibyuma bitanduye kugeza kuri zirconium.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ibanze: imipira irekuye n'imipira ipfundikiye. Iyi miterere yombi yemerera gukora valve nziza z'umupira kuva kuri ¼” kugeza kuri 60” no hejuru. Muri rusange, igishushanyo mbonera cy'imipira gikoreshwa kuri valve nto n'izifite umuvuduko muto, mu gihe ubwoko bwa trunnion bukoreshwa kuri valve nini n'izifite umuvuduko mwinshi.

API ya VM SUM21 BALL 6Dvalve y'umupiraValve y'umupira ya API 6D ikoresha ubwo bwoko bubiri bwa valve z'umupira kubera uburyo zifunga n'uburyo imbaraga z'amazi zituruka mu muyoboro zijya ku mupira hanyuma zigakwirakwira ku ntebe y'abapilote. Mu gishushanyo mbonera cy'umupira ugenda hejuru, umupira uhuza neza n'intebe ebyiri, imwe iri hejuru n'indi iri munsi. Imbaraga z'amazi zikora ku mupira, zikawusunika mu ntebe y'abapilote iri mu gice cy'abapilote kiri munsi. Kubera ko umupira utwikira umwobo wose w'amazi, imbaraga zose ziri mu nzira zisunika umupira kugira ngo ziwusunike mu ntebe y'abapilote. Iyo umupira ari munini cyane kandi igitutu kikaba kinini cyane, imbaraga ziri ku ntebe y'abapilote zizaba nini, kuko imbaraga zikoreshwa ari nini cyane kandi valve ntishobora gukoreshwa.

Amavali y'umupira areremba afite imiterere itandukanye y'umubiri, ariko akunzwe cyane ni ubwoko bw'imyobo ibiri. Izindi imiterere y'umubiri irimo ibice bitatu n'iy'imbere. Amavali y'umupira areremba akorwa mu bunini bugera kuri santimetero 24 na santimetero 300, ariko urwego nyarwo rw'amavali y'umupira areremba akenshi ni hasi cyane - ntarengwa ni santimetero 12.

Nubwo valve z'umupira zakozwe ahanini nk'izimya/zimya cyangwa "zihagarika", hongerwamo valve zimwe na zimwe z'umupira na V-portvalve y'umupiraigishushanyo mbonera gituma biba byiza cyane mu bikorwa bigenzurwa.

Intebe irambitse
Valve y'umupira ya VM SUM21 BALL Flanged Valve y'umupira ya Flanged Valve ntoya z'umupira zishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, kuva ku miyoboro yo mu rugo kugeza ku miyoboro irimo imiti ikenera cyane. Ibikoresho by'intebe bikunzwe cyane kuri izi valve ni ubwoko bumwe bwa thermoplastic, nka PTFE. Intebe za Teflon valve zikora neza kuko zoroshye bihagije ku buryo zifunga neza ku mipira y'icyuma irabagirana, ariko zikomeye ku buryo zidasohoka mu mvange. Ibibazo bibiri by'ingenzi kuri izi valve zoroshye ni uko zishwanyagurika byoroshye (kandi zishobora kuva amazi), kandi ubushyuhe bugarukira munsi y'aho intebe ya thermoplastic ishongera - hafi 450oF (232oC), bitewe n'ibikoresho by'intebe.

Ikintu kiranga ibyuma byinshi by'umupira birebire byo mu ntebe ni uko bishobora gufungwa neza mu gihe habaye inkongi y'umuriro bigatuma intebe nkuru ishonga. Ibi byitwa igishushanyo mbonera kidashya; gifite umufuka w'intebe udafata intebe gusa, ahubwo unatanga ubuso bw'intebe bw'icyuma butanga agace gato k'icyuma iyo ikoze ku mupira. Dukurikije amabwiriza y'ibizamini by'umuriro bya American Petroleum Institute (API) 607 cyangwa 6FA, valve irageragezwa kugira ngo yemeze imiterere y'uburinzi bw'umuriro.

Igishushanyo mbonera cya Trunnion
VM SUM21 BALL API 6D trunnion ball valve API 6D trunnion ball valve Iyo hakenewe trunnion nini kandi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, igishushanyo mbonera gihinduka ubwoko bwa trunnion. Itandukaniro riri hagati ya trunnion n'ubwoko bwo kureremba ni uko trunnion ball ishyirwa mu gice cy'ingenzi n'agace ko hasi (inkoni ngufi ihuza) n'inkoni yo hejuru. Kubera ko umupira udashobora "kureremba" mu ntebe ya valve kugira ngo ufungwe ku ngufu, intebe ya valve igomba kureremba ku mupira. Imiterere y'intebe ya trunnion ituma intebe iterwa imbaraga n'umuvuduko wo hejuru hanyuma igashyirwa mu ruziga kugira ngo ifungwe. Kubera ko umupira uhamye neza, uretse kuzenguruka kwawo kwa dogere 90, imbaraga zidasanzwe z'amazi n'umuvuduko ntibizashyira umupira mu ntebe ya valve. Ahubwo, imbaraga zikora gusa ku gace gato hanze y'intebe ireremba.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umugozi wa VM SUM21 Umugozi wa trunnion ni umuvandimwe ukomeye wa trunnion ball valve, bityo ikaba ishobora guhangana n'imirimo minini - umuvuduko mwinshi n'umurambararo munini w'imiyoboro. Kugeza ubu, uburyo buzwi cyane bwo gukoresha trunnion ball valves ni muri serivisi z'amazi.