Kugira ngo umusaruro ube mwiza cyane, gukora imikorere y’inganda mu buryo bwikora bisaba ibice byinshi bitandukanye kugira ngo bikore neza hamwe. Ibikoresho byo kugenzura aho ibintu biherereye, ikintu gito ariko cy’ingenzi mu gukora imikorere y’inganda, ni byo bivugwa muri iyi nkuru. Ibikoresho byo kugenzura aho ibintu biherereye mu nganda no mu nganda bigenzura ko imirimo y’ingenzi ikorwa uko byateganyijwe, bigafasha mu gukurikirana no gucunga ibikorwa byo gukora. Mu by’ukuri, akazi kabo k’ingenzi ni ugushaka "intego" cyangwa kwimura ibintu no gutanga raporo ku kubaho cyangwa kudahari kwabyo. Utwuma tw’umwuka dufite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha kuko dushobora kohereza ibimenyetso kuri sisitemu tuyibwira gukora igikorwa cyateguwe mbere iyo intego iri mu ntera yagenwe na sensor y’aho ibintu biherereye.

Sensor y'aho iherereye itanga ikimenyetso kibwira sisitemu guhagarika gukora iyo mikorere yateguwe mbere cyangwa guhindura ikajya ku yindi mikorere iyo intego ivuye kuri sensor y'aho iherereye. Nubwo intego ishobora kuba ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, iyi ngingo izasuzuma gusa intego z'icyuma n'uburyo "bw'ingenzi" bwo kuzisanga kugira ngo byorohe. Guhindura imipaka ya mechanical, sensors zo hafi zikora, switches zo kugabanya impera, na switches zo kugabanya ni bimwe muri ibyo ikoranabuhanga. Gusobanukirwa ururimi rusanzwe rukoreshwa n'abakora sensor benshi ni ingirakamaro mbere yo gusuzuma ubwoko bwinshi bwa sensors z'aho iherereye.

• Intera yo kumva: itandukaniro riri hagati y'isura yo kumva n'intego ikoresha switch

• Hysteresis: intera iri hagati y'aho irekurwa n'aho imashini ikoresha

• Gusubiramo: Ubushobozi bw'igihe cyose bwa switch bwo kumenya intego imwe mu rugero rumwe.

• Igihe cyo gusubiza: igihe kiri hagati yo kubona intego no gutanga ikimenyetso cy'umusaruro.

switch igabanya umupaka ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa mekanike

Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi byitwa "mechanical limit switches" bikoresha uburyo bwo gukoranaho n'ikintu runaka kugira ngo bimenye aho intego iherereye. Bishobora gushyigikira imbaraga nyinshi z'amashanyarazi kandi bigakora nta ngufu. "Mechanical switches" ntizita ku byerekeye polarity cyangwa voltage kuko zikoresha "sumu contacts" (imigozi yumye), bigatuma zirwanya inenge zitandukanye z'amashanyarazi nk'urusaku rw'amashanyarazi, "interruption" ya radiyo, "leaking current", "leaving current", na "voltage" igabanuka. "Lever", "button", "body", "base", "head", "contacts", "terminals", n'ibindi bintu bigenda muri izi switches akenshi bisaba kwitabwaho. "Votto mechanical limit switches" zishobora kudasubiramo neza kubera ko zikoranaho n'ikintu runaka. "The target" ubwayo kimwe n'ukuboko kwa "lever" bishobora kwangirika bitewe no gukoranaho n'ikintu runaka. Hariho kandi imyenge idakingiwe ishobora kwangirika, ivumbi, n'ubushuhe. Kubera iki kibazo, ahantu hateje akaga hashobora kwangirika n'ibintu bifunze akenshi biba bihenze.

Guhindura impera ku buryo ntarengwa

Ishwi yo kugabanya umupaka w'impeshyi ni igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi gikoresha imbaraga za rukuruzi kugira ngo kimenye aho intego ya rukuruzi iherereye. Uduce tubiri tw'icyuma dufungiye mu muyoboro w'ikirahure tuba turi imbere muri iyo switch. "Icyuma cy'urubingo" ni cyo giteye. Bitewe n'ubushobozi bwacyo bwo gukurura rukuruzi, icyuma cy'urubingo gisubiza imbaraga za rukuruzi mu gukora. Kubera ko bidasaba gukorana n'icyo gishushanyo kugira ngo gikore, imashini zo kugabanya umupaka w'impeshyi zitanga inyungu zose zo gukurura rukuruzi mu gihe zirinda kwangirika.

Intego zisanzwe za fer ntizishobora gukoreshwa hamwe n'ibikoresho byo gusimbuza impera; intego za magnetique zirakenewe. Imashini yo gusimbuza urutare ntiyemerwa kuko igice cy'urutare, umuyoboro w'ikirahure, n'udupira duto tw'icyuma birananirana iyo bipfutse. Umuvuduko muke ushobora gutuma ibintu bihurirana n'urutare bivuza amajwi n'ibimenyetso bitari byo mu rutare mu gihe hari ibintu byinshi bihindagurika.

Utumashini two gupima hafi y'aho umuntu aherereye

Igikoresho cy'ikoranabuhanga cya “solid-state” cyitwa “inductive protection sensor” gikoresha impinduka mu ngufu z'ikintu cy'icyuma kugira ngo kimenye aho kiri. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gukoraho ku buryo bw'umubiri, kandi nta bice byimuka bishobora gufunga, gusaza, cyangwa kwangirika, ibyo bigatuma bigabanya ubuziranenge. Kirwanya kandi ivumbi n'umwanda kuko nta bice byimuka. “Inductive protection sensors” zikoreshwa cyane mu buryo butandukanye kandi ziboneka mu bunini n'imiterere itandukanye. “Inductive protection sensors” ntizishobora kwihanganira imitwaro myinshi y'amashanyarazi kandi zikenera isoko y'amashanyarazi yo hanze (amashanyarazi) kugira ngo zikore. Zishobora kandi kuba zishobora kugabanuka k'amashanyarazi, imirasire y'amazi iva, kubangamira umurongo wa radiyo, n'urusaku rw'amashanyarazi. Ubushyuhe bukabije no kwinjira mu mazi rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba bibi ku bipima “inductive protection sensors”.

guhindura umupaka ntarengwa

Ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryihariye rya hybrid, switches zo kugabanya umupaka zishobora kubona intego za fer zinyuze mu miyoboro ya electromagnetic. Leverless limit switches zizewe cyane mu bihe bigoye no mu gihe kirekire. Kubera ko nta mpamvu yo gukoraho cyangwa ingufu zo hanze, imitwaro minini y'amashanyarazi irashoboka kandi nta kintu na kimwe gishobora gufunga, gupfunyika, gusenya, cyangwa gusya. Kimwe n'ibisuguti bya mekanike, ntibishobora kwangizwa n'urusaku rw'amashanyarazi, kubangamira radio frequency, imiyoboro y'amazi ava mu kirere, no kugabanuka kwa voltage. Nanone ntabwo birwanya polarity cyangwa voltage. Ivumbi, umwanda, ubushuhe, gukoraho physical, hamwe n'ibintu byinshi byangiza cyangwa imiti nta ngaruka bigira ku switches zo kugabanya umupaka. Ubwoko bwinshi bufite ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi burimo umutekano mu buryo bufatika. Leverless limit switch ni nziza cyane ku bikorwa bisaba kudafata amazi no kwirinda guturika bitewe n'aho ihurira n'icyuma gikomeye.

Utwuma dupima aho ibintu biherereye ni ingenzi cyane mu gukora imikorere y’inganda. Hari ikoranabuhanga ryinshi ripima aho ibintu biherereye ku isoko, buri rimwe rifite imiterere yihariye y’imikorere. Kugira ngo haboneke imikorere n’ubwizigirwa bikenewe, hakwiye kwitonderwa guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bwa twuma dupima aho ibintu biherereye.