Kuva mu ntangiriro z'uyu mwaka, ibiciro by'imizigo muri kontineri mpuzamahangaisokobakomeje kuzamuka, byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku bikoresho mpuzamahanga, ubwikorezi naubucuruzi.

Kugeza mu mpera za Kanama, igipimo cy’imizigo cyohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa cyoherezwa mu mahanga kigeze ku manota 3079, kikaba cyiyongereyeho 240.1% mu gihe kimwe cy’umwaka wa 2020, kandi cyikubye inshuro zirenga ebyiri amateka y’amanota 1.336 mbere y’iki cyiciro cyo kwiyongera.

Uru ruzinduko rwibiciro rwiyongereye rugizwe nurwego rwagutse. Mbere ya 2020, kwiyongera kw'ibicuruzwa ku isoko rya kontineri byibanze cyane cyane mu nzira zimwe na zimwe, ariko muri rusange iki cyiciro cyiyongereye. Igipimo cy’imizigo y’inzira nkuru nk’inzira z’Uburayi, inzira y'Abanyamerika, inzira y'Ubuyapani na Koreya y'Epfo, inzira yo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, n'inzira ya Mediterane yiyongereyeho 410.5 ugereranije no mu mpera za 2019.%, 198.2%, 39.1% , 89.7% na 396.7%.

“Ibitaboneka mbere” igipimo cy'imizigo kiriyongera

Ku bijyanye n'izamuka ry’isoko mpuzamahanga ryo gutwara ibicuruzwa, Jia Dashan, visi perezida w’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi bw’ubwikorezi bw’amazi muri Minisiteri y’ubwikorezi, umaze imyaka myinshi akora ubushakashatsi mu nganda, na we yinubira “ibitagaragara mbere”.

Jia Dashan yavuze ko ukurikije ibisabwa, ubukungu bw’isi bwakomeje kwiyongera kuva mu ntangiriro zuyu mwaka, kandi ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bwasubukuye vuba. Ugereranije nigihe kimwe cyo muri 2019, icyifuzo cyo gutwara kontineri cyiyongereyeho 6%. Ibintu mu Bushinwa ni byiza. Guhera muri Kamena 2020, inganda n’ubucuruzi bwo hanze byoherezwa mu mahanga byageze ku izamuka rikomeje.

Urebye kubitangwa, imikorere yubwato bwibasiwe nicyorezo bwaragabanutse cyane. Ibihugu byongereyeho gukumira no kugenzura ibyorezo bitumizwa mu mahanga ku byambu, byongerera igihe cyo kubyara amato ku byambu, kandi bigabanya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga. Ugereranyije, igihe amato yahagararaga ku cyambu yiyongereyeho iminsi igera kuri 2, kandi amato ku byambu byo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru yagumye ku cyambu iminsi irenga 8. Kugabanuka kw'ibicuruzwa byatesheje agaciro umwimerere. Ugereranije nuburyo ibintu byibanze bitangwa nibisabwa muri 2019 byari bike cyane, haraburagutangaya hafi 10%.

Ibura rikomeje kubura abakozi nabo ryiyongereye kubura. Ikibazo cy’icyorezo gikomeye mu bihugu bikomeye byo mu nyanja nka Filipine n'Ubuhinde, hamwe no guhinduranya abakozi no kwigunga, byatumye ibiciro by’abakozi bikomeza kwiyongera ku isoko ry’amazi.

Guhungabanywa n’ibintu byavuzwe haruguru, umubano usanzwe hagati y’isoko n’ibisabwa wahindutse vuba, kandi ibiciro by’imizigo ya kontineri byakomeje kwiyongera cyane.

Imibare yaturutse mu kanama gashinzwe ubucuruzi n’iterambere ry’umuryango w’abibumbye, gasutamo n’ibyambu by’Ubushinwa byerekana ko kuva mbere y’icyorezo cy’icyorezo kugeza muri Nyakanga uyu mwaka, ibice birenga 80% by’ubucuruzi ku isi byujujwe n’inyanja, mu gihe igipimo cy’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu Bushinwa butumiza mu mahanga; no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu nyanja byaturutse ku cyorezo. Ibice 94.3% byabanje kwiyongera kugeza kuri 94.8%.

Yakomeje agira ati: “Nk’ubushakashatsi bujyanye n’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa, umubare w’ibicuruzwa bifite uburenganzira bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa bigenzurwa n’ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu bitageze kuri 30%. Iki gice cyibigo kizagira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye n’imihindagurikire y’ibiciro, mu gihe ibindi bigo byinshi bidafite ingaruka ku ihindagurika ry’ibiciro by’imizigo. . ” Jia Dashan yasesenguye. Mu yandi magambo, kwiyongera kw'ibiciro guterwa no kwiyongera kw'ibiciro by'imizigo bizabanza gushyikirizwa abaguzi b'abanyamahanga, kandi ingaruka zitaziguye ku mishinga y'Ubushinwa ni nto.

Icyakora, nkigiciro cyingenzi cyibicuruzwa, izamuka ry’ibiciro by’imizigo byanze bikunze bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mishinga y’Ubushinwa, cyane cyane bigabanuka mu kugabanuka kwa serivisi zitwara abantu. Kubera igabanuka ry’ingengabihe y’indege n’umwanya muto, uruzinduko rw’ubucuruzi rw’inganda zitunganya ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa ntirworoshye. Nubwo ibicuruzwa byatunganijwe neza, itangwa rizagerwaho nubwikorezi bubi, bizagira ingaruka kubikorwa byikigo no gutunganya umusaruro.

Ati: “Ibigo bito n'ibiciriritse bizagira ingaruka cyane.” Jia Dashan yizera ko kubera kubura ingwate z'igihe kirekire, imishinga mito n'iciriritse ishakisha serivisi zitwara abantu ku isoko ryaho. Bitewe no guhahirana hamwe ningwate zubushobozi, bahura nubwiyongere bwibiciro byibicuruzwa. Ikibazo cy "agasanduku biragoye kubibona, kandi akazu karagoye kukibona". Byongeye kandi, icyambu cyo ku butaka hamwe n’ishami rishinzwe gutwara abantu n'ibintu mu gihugu bizongera kandi ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga hamwe n’ibiciro byo kubika bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa no kugabanuka kw’indege.

Kongera ubushobozi biragoye gukira

Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu bigo by’ubushakashatsi ku isoko ry’amazi, ubushobozi ku isi butagira akazi bw’amato ya kontineri bwaragabanutse kugera munsi ya 1%. Usibye amato agomba gusanwa, ubushobozi hafi ya bwose bwashyizwe kumasoko. Abafite ubwato benshi batangiye kongera igipimo cyo gutumiza ubushobozi, ariko intera ndende ntishobora guhaza inyota yegereye. Abatwara ibicuruzwa baracyatangaza ko ubushobozi bukiri buke kandi bigoye kubona akazu kamwe.

Zhu Pengzhou, umwe mu bagize ihererekanyabubasha rya Shanghai ryoherezwa mu mahanga, yavuze ko urwego rutanga isoko rwitwa urunigi kubera ko urugero rwo hejuru rw’ubushobozi bw’urunigi rwose rusanzwe rufite ingaruka ku gihe gito. Kurugero, kugabanya imikorere ya terefone, kubura abashoferi b'amakamyo, n'umuvuduko udahagije wo gupakurura no gusubiza ibintu mu nganda byose bizatera imbogamizi. Isosiyete ikora cyane yongerera ubushobozi bwo kohereza amato ntishobora kuzamura ubushobozi rusange bwurwego rwibikoresho.

Jia Dashan arabyemera cyane. Ku bijyanye n’ibisabwa, ugereranije n’igihe kimwe cyo muri 2019, icyifuzo cyo gutwara kontineri cyiyongereyeho 6%. Ku bijyanye n'ubushobozi, ubushobozi bwiyongereyeho 7.5% mugihe kimwe. Birashobora kugaragara ko kudahuza itangwa nibisabwa bidatewe nubushobozi budahagije. Ubwiyongere butagereranywa bwibisabwa byatewe nicyorezo, gukusanya no gukwirakwiza nabi, ubwinshi bwicyambu, no kugabanuka kwimikorere yubwato nimpamvu nyamukuru.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, abafite ubwato muri iki gihe baracyafite amakenga cyane mu gushora imari mu bwubatsi. Muri Kanama 2021, igipimo cy’ubushobozi bwo gutumiza mu mato asanzwe kiziyongera kugera kuri 21.3%, kikaba kiri munsi y’urwego rwa 60% ku mpanuka iheruka yoherezwa mu 2007. Nubwo ubwo bwato bwashyirwa mu bikorwa mbere ya 2024, hamwe na impuzandengo yiterambere ryumwaka wa 3% hamwe nimpuzandengo yumwaka wa 3% isenywa, isano iri hagati yubushobozi nubunini ntizigera ihinduka, kandi isoko rizakomeza kugumya ibicuruzwa byinshi. urwego.

Ni ryari "bigoye kubona akazu" kugabanya

Igipimo cy’imizigo kizamuka ntabwo ari cyiza ku masosiyete y’ubucuruzi gusa, ahubwo kizana ingaruka n’ikibazo kidashidikanywaho ku masosiyete atwara ibicuruzwa mu gihe kirekire.

Igihangange mpuzamahanga cyo gutwara abantu CMA CGM cyasobanuye neza ko guhera muri Nzeri uyu mwaka kugeza muri Gashyantare 2022, bizahagarika izamuka ry’ibiciro by’imizigo ku isoko. Hapag-Lloyd yavuze kandi ko yafashe ingamba zo guhagarika igipimo cy’imizigo cyiyongera.

Ati: “Biteganijwe ko impera z'umwaka wa 2021 zizatangiza aho igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa kiri hejuru y’isoko, kandi igipimo cy’imizigo kizinjira buhoro buhoro mu mwanya wo guhamagarwa. Ariko ntiwumve, ingaruka ziterwa no gushidikanya kw'ibihe bidasanzwe. ” Zhang Yongfeng, umujyanama mukuru w'ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi mpuzamahanga cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Shanghai akaba n'umuyobozi w'ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe kohereza ibicuruzwa.

Ati: “Nubwo umubano w'itangwa n'ibisabwa wagarurwa rwose ku rwego rwa 2019, kubera izamuka ry'ibiciro by'ibintu bitandukanye, biragoye ko igipimo cy'imizigo gisubira ku rwego rwa 2016 kugeza 2019.” Jia Dashan ati.

Urebye ibiciro biri hejuru y’ibicuruzwa, abafite imizigo myinshi kandi benshi bafite ubushake bwo gushyira umukono ku masezerano maremare yo gufunga ibiciro by’imizigo, kandi umubare w’amasezerano maremare ku isoko uragenda wiyongera.

Inzego za leta nazo zikora cyane. Byumvikane ko Minisiteri ishinzwe gutwara abantu n'ibintu, Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi n’izindi nzego zibishinzwe zashyize mu bikorwa politiki y’iterambere mu buryo bwinshi nko kwagura umusaruro wa kontineri, kuyobora amasosiyete y’imyenda kwagura ubushobozi, no kunoza imikorere ya serivisi y’ibikoresho kugira ngo amahanga ahamye. urwego rwo gutanga inganda.