Ugiye kugerageza umuvuduko w'amazi ku muyoboro mushya washyizweho. Ufite impungenge ko gufunga valve z'umupira no gushyiramo umuvuduko mwinshi bishobora gusenya ibice by'amashanyarazi cyangwa kwangiza ibifunga, bigatuma igenzura rya nyuma rihinduka gusana bihenze.

Gupima umuvuduko ntibizangiza valve y'umupira wa PVC iyo bikozwe neza. Umuvuduko w'ikizamini ntugomba kurenza inshuro 1.5 z'umuvuduko w'imikorere ya valve, kandi ugomba gukoresha amazi (hydrostatic test), ntabwo ari umwuka ufunze.

Iyi ni intambwe ikomeye mu gushyiraho imiyoboro y'amazi, kandi ni isoko y'impagarara nyinshi ku bashyiraho imiyoboro. Nagiranye iki kiganiro inshuro nyinshi n'abafatanyabikorwa nka Budi muri Indoneziya. Abakiriya be, ba rwiyemezamirimo, bagomba kwizera ko ibikoresho bashyiraho bishobora guhangana n'igeragezwa rya nyuma rya sisitemu. Kwangirika muri iki cyiciro si ukubera ikiguzi cy'umushya gusa.valve; ni ukureba igihe cyatakaye n'icyizere. Valve yakozwe neza ya Pntek yakozwe kandi igeragezwa kugira ngo ihangane n'ibi bibazo byoroshye, igihe cyose hakurikizwa uburyo busanzwe. Reka dusuzume ubwo buryo.

Ese ushobora gupima umuvuduko ukoresheje valve y'umupira?

Umuyoboro w'amazi warangiye, kandi igihe kirageze cyo gupima amazi ya nyuma. Ntabwo uzi neza niba ugomba gupima ukoresheje valve zifunguye nk'igice cy'umurongo, cyangwa ufunze nk'aho nta kintu na kimwe gihari.

Yego, ushobora kandi ugomba gupima igitutu ukoresheje valve y'umupira iri mu mwanya ufunze kugira ngo urebe ko ifunze neza. Ariko, isuzuma rya mbere rya sisitemu rigomba gukorwa ukoresheje valve zose ziri mu mwanya ufunze.

Ubu buryo bw'intambwe ebyiri ni bwo buryo bw'umwuga. Butuma ugerageza neza buri gice cy'iyi sisitemu nta gushyira imbaraga zikenewe ku gice icyo ari cyo cyose. Ikizamini cya mbere kigenzura aho imiyoboro yawe ihurira n'aho ishyirwa, naho ikizamini cya kabiri cyemeza ko valve ubwayo ikora uko bikwiye. Ni itandukaniro ryoroshye, ariko rituma inzira yo gupima iba nziza kandi itekanye.

Uburyo bwo Gupima mu Ntambwe Ebyiri

Gukurikiza iyi gahunda bitanga isuzuma ryimbitse kandi ritekanye. Ubwa mbere, wemeza ko umuyoboro w'amazi ari inyangamugayo. Hanyuma, wemeza ubushobozi bwo gufunga valve.

1. Ikizamini cy'ubuziranenge bwa sisitemu (Valves zirafunguye):Intego nyamukuru hano ni ukubona aho amazi asohokera mu miyoboro yose washyize kole. Funga impera z'umuyoboro wawe urangije ukoresheje imipfundikizo. Menya neza ko valve zose z'umupira ziri mu murongo ziri muumwanya wose ufunguyeIbi bituma amazi yuzura sisitemu yose, harimo n'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, bityo byose bigapimwa nk'umuyoboro umwe ukomeza. Garura sisitemu ku gipimo buhoro buhoro kandi urebe neza ko nta mazi asohoka. Ubu buryo bupima ubuhanga bwawe ku miyoboro ihuza.
2. Ikizamini cy'ikimenyetso cy'imvange (Valves ifunze):Nyuma yuko sisitemu itsinze ikizamini cya mbere, ushobora kugerageza intebe za valve. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane kuri valve zo kwitandukanya ziri ku mpera y'umurongo. Iyo sisitemu ishyizwemo umuvuduko, funga valve buhoro buhoro. Reba niba hari aho amazi ava mu gice cy'inyuma cy'i valve hanyuma urebe uruhande rwo hepfo rwa valve kugira ngo urebe neza ko itanga agapfundikizo kuzuye kandi gakomeye. Ibi bipima ubwiza bw'ipfundikizo z'imbere za valve (intebe za TPE/EPDM).

Ese ushobora gupima umuvuduko w'umuyoboro wa PVC?

Urimo kureba umuyoboro wa PVC uherutse gukururwa. Igitekerezo cyo kuwuzuzamo amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi kigutera ubwoba. Bite ho niba ingingo zangiritse cyangwa umuyoboro ubwawo uturitse?

Yego, gupima umuvuduko w'amazi mu muyoboro wa PVC ni igikorwa gisanzwe kandi gikenewe. Ugomba gukoresha amazi (ikizamini cya hydrostatic) kandi ukaguma mu rugero rw'umuvuduko, rushingiye ku gipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi mu muyoboro n'ubushyuhe.

Aha ni ahandi hantu gukurikiza amategeko yashyizweho ari ryo pfundo ry'umutekano n'intsinzi. Sisitemu z'imiyoboro ya PVC zirakomeye cyane, ariko ntizishobora kwangirika. Sisitemu yose—imiyoboro, ibikoresho, na valves—yakozwe ku gipimo cyihariye cy'umuvuduko. Gupima umuvuduko ni uburyo bwo kwerekana ko ishyirwaho ryakozwe neza kandi sisitemu yiteguye gukoreshwa. Itegeko ry'ingenzi ni ukudakoresha umwuka ufunze.

Isuzuma rya Hydrostatic vs. Pneumatic

Gukoresha amazi (hydrostatic) ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwemewe bwogupima umuvudukoImiyoboro ya thermoplastic. Gukoresha umwuka (pneumatic) ni bibi cyane kandi birabujijwe n'amahame yose y'ingenzi.

Ubwoko bw'ikizamini	Uburyo	Umutekano	Impamvu ikoreshwa/itakoreshwa
Amazi akoreshwa mu mazi	Ikoresha amazi, hafi ya yose adashobora gukonja.	Umutekano.Iyo habayeho gusohora amazi, umuvuduko uhita ugabanuka iyo amazi make gusa.	Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'inganda.Ibona neza aho amazi aturuka nta ngaruka zo kwangirika cyane. Valve zose za Pntek zagenewe ibi.
Imiterere y'umwuka	Ikoresha umwuka ufunze, ubikira ingufu nyinshi.	Biteye akaga cyane.Iyo igice cy’ingufu cyangiritse, ingufu zabitswe zirekurwa cyane, ibice bya pulasitiki bikaguruka nk'ibice by'ibumba.	Ntuzigere ukoresha ubu buryo.Ni ikibazo gikomeye ku mutekano kandi gishobora gutera imvune zikomeye cyangwa urupfu.

Buri gihe kurikiza "Itegeko rya 1.5x": igitutu ntarengwa cy'ikizamini ntikigomba kurenza inshuro 1.5 z'umuvudukoigice kiri hasi cyanemuri sisitemu igihe gito.

Ni igitutu kingana iki cy'umupira wa PVC gishobora gufata?

Urimo gushaka valves z'umushinga. Ubona kode zitandukanye nka PN10, PN16, cyangwa Gahunda ya 80. Ugomba kumenya ibasha kwihanganira umuvuduko wa sisitemu nta kibazo cyo gucika intege.

Igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa vali ya PVC giterwa n'imiterere yayo, ingano yayo, n'ubushyuhe bwayo. Vali isanzwe ya PN10 ihabwa amanota 10 bar (145 psi) ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba, mu gihe PN16 ishobora gufata 16 bar (232 psi).

Iki ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi cyane mvugana na Budi. Guhuza igipimo cy'umuvuduko wa valve n'ibyo sisitemu isaba ni ingenzi. Igipimo cy'umuvuduko, akenshi cyitwa CWP (Ubushyuhe Bukonje), kigaragara neza ku gice cy'umuvuduko. Kikubwira igitutu ntarengwa valve ishobora kwihanganira mu buryo bw'amazi buri hasi (hafi 20°C / 68°F).

Uruhare rw'ingenzi rw'ubushyuhe

Kuri PVC, igitutu n'ubushyuhe birahuzwa. Uko ubushyuhe bw'amazi ari mu muyoboro bugenda buzamuka, imbaraga z'ibikoresho bya PVC ziragabanuka. Ibi bivuze ko valve ishobora kwihanganira igitutu gito. Ibi byitwa "gutakaza ubushyuhe."

Ubushyuhe bw'amazi	Igipimo cy'igabanuka ry'umuvuduko	Urugero: Valve ya PN16 (16 Bar)
Ubushyuhe bugera kuri 20°C (68°F)	1.0 (Isuzuma ryuzuye)	Akabari ka 16
Ubushyuhe bugera kuri 30°C (86°F)	0.82	Akabari ka 13.1
Ubushyuhe bwa 40°C (104°F)	0.65	Akabari ka 10.4
Ubushyuhe bwa 50°C (122°F)	0.50	Akabari ka 8.0
Ubushyuhe bwa 60°C (140°F)	0.22	Akabari ka 3.5

Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe nka Indoneziya. Valve ifite umutekano uhagije kuri 20°C ishobora kuba iri hafi y'aho igarukira mu muyoboro wa 40°C uhura n'izuba. Buri gihe tekereza ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru bushoboka mu gihe uhitamo ubwoko bw'umuvuduko wa valve.

Ni ibihe bibazo bikunze kugaragara ku mugozi w'umupira?

Washyizeho valve nziza cyane, ariko nyuma y'amezi menshi umukiriya wawe araguhamagara akubwira ko irimo kuva cyangwa bigoye kuyihindura. Ugomba gusobanukirwa impamvu ituma ibyo bibazo bidashobora kubaho.

Ibibazo bikunze kugaragara ni ukuva kw'inyuma y'igiti cyangwa imbuto z'umugozi, umugozi ugoye kuzunguruka, cyangwa imikenke mu mubiri. Ibi bibazo akenshi biterwa no gushyirwaho nabi cyangwa kwangirika kw'umubiri.

Nubwo valve ikozwe neza yizewe cyane, ntabwo ihura n'ibibazo. Ibyinshi mu bibazo mbona mu bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga bigaruka kuri kimwe mu bintu bibiri: amakosa yo gushyiraho cyangwa ibintu byo hanze. Gusobanukirwa izi mpamvu ni ingenzi. Niyo mpamvu muri Pntek, tudashyira imbaraga mu gukora valve ikomeye gusa ahubwo tunahugura abafatanyabikorwa nka Budi ku bijyanye no kuyikoresha no kuyishyiraho neza.

Impamvu nyamukuru zitera kwangirika kwa valve

Dore ibibazo by'ingenzi tubona n'uburyo bwo kubikumira.

1. Ifuru zisohoka:Gutonyanga kw'imiti cyangwa imbuto z'umugozi akenshi bivuze ko impeta ya O-ring yangiritse cyangwa yabuze. Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo valve yongeye guteranywa nta kwitonda. Gukangura cyane imbuto z'umugozi ukoresheje umupfundikizo munini bishobora no kwangiza imyenge y'imiti no gutuma ivamo. Buri gihe banza ufunge intoki.
2. Igikorwa kigoye:Impamvu ya mbere ituma valve ikomeye cyangwa yafashwe ni sima (kole) yinjira mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga mu gihe cyo kuyishyiraho. Niyo mpamvu ugomba kuyikoresha.buri giheShyiramo valve y'umupira w'imvange nyayo ukoresheje kole ku mpera z'umugozi, hanyuma uteranye igice cy'umugozi nyuma yuko kole imaze gushya neza.
3. Umubiri wacitsemo ibice:Imyanya hafi ya yose iterwa n'ingufu zo hanze. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'icyuma gifunganye cyane, igikoresho gikubita cyane, cyangwa se bigatuma valve ikonjesha amazi afunze imbere. Ntukigere ukoresha valve y'umupira kugira ngo ishyigikire uburemere bw'umuyoboro.

Gushyiraho no gucunga neza bishobora gukumira ibi bibazo bikunze kugaragara kuri 90%.

Umwanzuro

Gupima umuvudukoValve y'umupira ya PVCni byiza kandi ni ngombwa iyo bikozwe neza. Ukoresheje amazi, wubahiriza ibipimo by'umuvuduko, kandi ugakurikiza isuzuma rikwiye ry'ibice bibiri, uba wizewe kandi ritava amazi.