Valve ni iki?

Valve, rimwe na rimwe izwi nka valve mu Cyongereza, ni igikoresho gikoreshwa mu kuziba cyangwa kugenzura igice cy’inzira z’amazi atandukanye atembera. Valve ni igikoresho cy’imiyoboro gikoreshwa mu gufungura no gufunga imiyoboro, kugenzura icyerekezo cy’inzira, no guhindura no kugenzura imiterere y’uburyo bwo gutwara, harimo ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, n’inzira. Ishobora gutandukanywamo valves zifunga, kugenzura valves, valves zigenzura, n'ibindi bitewe n'imikorere. Valves ni ibice bigenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amazi atandukanye, harimo umwuka, amazi, umwuka, n'ibindi muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi. Valves z'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma ... byuma gikozwe mu by

Ku bijyanye n'amateka ya valve

Buri munsi w'ubuzima bwacu ugira ingaruka ku ikoreshwa ry'udupfundikizo. Dukoresha udupfundikizo iyo dufunguye robine kugira ngo tubone amazi yo kunywa cyangwa agakoresho ko kuzimya umuriro kugira ngo twuhire imyaka. Kuba udupfundikizo twinshi dukomeza kubaho biterwa n'uburyo imiyoboro ifatanye mu buryo buhambaye.

Iterambere ry’ibikorwa by’inganda n’iterambere ry’utubati bifitanye isano rya bugufi. Ibuye rinini cyangwa igiti bishobora gukoreshwa mu guhagarika amazi cyangwa guhindura icyerekezo cyayo mu isi ya kera kugira ngo bigenzure uko imigezi cyangwa imigezi itemba. Li Bing (imyaka itazwi y’amavuko n’urupfu) yatangiye gucukura amariba y’umunyu mu kibaya cya Chengdu mu mpera z’igihe cy’ibihugu by’Intambara kugira ngo abone umunyu w’amazi n’umunyu wo mu mazi.

Mu gukuramo amazi y'umunyu, agace gato k'umugano gakoreshwa nk'umunyu utobora amazi y'umunyu ushyirwa mu gisenge kandi gafite umuvuduko wo gufungura no gufunga hepfo. Hashyirwaho urufatiro runini rw'ibiti hejuru y'icyobo, maze umunyu umwe ushobora gukurura amazi y'umunyu mu ndobo nyinshi. Amazi y'umunyu akurwamo hakoreshejwe uruziga rw'umubumbyi n'uruziga kugira ngo amazi y'umunyu asuke mu ndobo. Shyira mu mwobo kugira ngo amazi y'umunyu akoreshwe, hanyuma ushyiremo umuvuduko w'ibiti ku mpera imwe kugira ngo amazi ahagarike amazi.

Mu bindi bintu, imigenzo y’Abanyegiputa n’Abagereki yashyizeho ubwoko bwinshi bw’udupfundiki tworoshye two kuhira imyaka. Ariko, muri rusange byemerwa ko Abaroma ba kera bashyizeho uburyo bugoye cyane bwo kuhira imyaka, bakoresha udupfundikizo two kuhira imyaka, ndetse n’udupfundikizo tudasubira inyuma kugira ngo amazi adatemba inyuma.

Imiterere myinshi ya Leonardo da Vinci mu ikoranabuhanga ryo mu gihe cya Renaissance, harimo uburyo bwo kuhira, imiyoboro yo kuhira, n'indi mishinga ikomeye ya sisitemu yo kuhira, iracyakoresha valve.

Nyuma, ubwo ikoranabuhanga ryo gushyushya no kubungabunga amazi ryateraga imbere mu Burayi,icyifuzo cy'ama-valvebyakomeje kwiyongera buhoro buhoro. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hakozwe uturindantoki tw’umuringa na aluminiyumu, maze uturindantoki twinjizwa muri sisitemu y’icyuma.

Impinduramatwara mu nganda n'amateka ya none y'inganda zikora imashini zitunganya amapine bifite amateka asa n'ayagiye yiyongera uko igihe cyagiye gihita. Moteri ya mbere y'ubucuruzi yakozwe mu 1705 na Newcomman, watanze kandi amahame yo kugenzura imikorere ya moteri zitunganya amapine. Ivumburwa rya Watt rya moteri zitunganya amapine mu 1769 ryagaragaje ko iyi moteri yinjiye ku mugaragaro mu nganda zikora imashini. Imashini zitunganya amapine, imashini zirinda umutekano, imashini zigenzura amapine, n'imashini zitunganya amapine byakunze gukoreshwa muri moteri zitunganya amapine.

Ikoreshwa ryinshi mu bucuruzi bw'amavali rifite inkomoko mu ikorwa rya Watt rya moteri y'umwuka. Amavali ya slide yagaragaye bwa mbere mu kinyejana cya 18 n'icya 19 bitewe n'ikoreshwa rya moteri z'umwuka mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ipasi, inganda, imashini n'izindi nganda. Byongeye kandi, yashyizeho uburyo bwa mbere bwo kugenzura umuvuduko, byatumye abantu benshi bashishikazwa no kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi. Iterambere rikomeye mu iterambere ry'amavali ni ukugaragara kwa nyuma kw'amavali y'isi yose afite amashami afite imigozi n'amavali y'irembo afite imigozi ya trapezoidal.

Iterambere ry’ubu bwoko bubiri bw’amavali ryabanje guhaza ibyifuzo byo kugenzura imikorere y’amazi ndetse n’ibyasabwaga n’inganda nyinshi kugira ngo umuvuduko n’ubushyuhe by’amavali bikomeze kunozwa.

Valive z'umupira cyangwa valive zikozwe mu buryo bw'umuzenguruko, zakozwe kuva mu gishushanyo cya John Wallen na John Charpmen mu kinyejana cya 19 ariko ntizashyizwe mu bikorwa icyo gihe, mu by'ukuri zagombaga kuba ari zo valive za mbere mu mateka.

Ingabo zirwanira mu mazi za Amerika zabaye iza mbere mu gushyigikira ikoreshwa ry’amabati mu bwato bunini nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, kandi iterambere ry’amabati ryakozwe ku nkunga ya leta. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imishinga myinshi mishya yo mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere yakozwe mu rwego rwo gukoresha amabati, kandi intambara yatumye habaho iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rishya ry’amabati.

Ubukungu bw'ibihugu byateye imbere mu nganda bwatangiye gutera imbere no gutera imbere kimwe ku kindi mu myaka ya 1960. Ibicuruzwa byaturutse mu byahoze ari Ubudage bw'Iburengerazuba, Ubuyapani, Ubutaliyani, Ubufaransa, Ubwongereza, n'ibindi bihugu byari bishishikajwe no kugurisha ibicuruzwa byabyo mu mahanga, kandi kohereza hanze imashini n'ibikoresho byuzuye nibyo byatumye kohereza hanze imashini.

Amakoloni yahoze ari intara yabonye ubwigenge bumwe ku bundi hagati y’impera za 1960 n’intangiriro za 1980. Kubera ko bifuzaga guteza imbere inganda zabo zo mu gihugu, batumije imashini nyinshi, harimo n’ama-valve. Byongeye kandi, ikibazo cya peteroli cyatumye ibihugu bitandukanye bicukura peteroli bishora imari mu rwego rwa peteroli rwinjizaga amafaranga menshi. Igihe cy’izamuka rikomeye mu musaruro w’ama-valve ku isi, ubucuruzi, n’iterambere cyatangijwe kubera impamvu nyinshi, byatumye ubucuruzi bw’ama-valve butera imbere cyane.